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Buy-to-let planning

Your first buy-to-let: check the cash flow

Build a clear rental-property budget before making an offer: purchase cash, running costs, mortgage payments and a reserve for the unexpected.

Practical preparation · General information, assessed individually

2 minute readPreparation checklistUpdated 12 October 2026

Separate the purchase budget from the rent

Start with the deposit and every cost needed to reach a lettable property. The cash tied up in the purchase is different from the cash you need to keep available after completion.

  • List legal, survey, finance and property-tax costs separately.
  • Include initial repairs, furnishings and any work required before letting.
  • Ring-fence a working reserve instead of treating all savings as deposit.

Work from rent received, not the advertised yield

Gross rental yield does not show the money left after costs. Build a monthly budget using a realistic rent and record assumptions for management, insurance, repairs, service charges and periods without rent.

  • Show mortgage payments separately from operating costs.
  • Use an accountant’s tax estimate for the intended ownership structure.
  • Test a lower rent, a larger repair and higher mortgage costs.

Keep the lender test separate

A lender’s rental assessment is a borrowing test, not a promise of investment profit. Ownership, experience, property type and residence can affect the route. Personal ownership and a company need their own finance and tax comparison.

  • Confirm intended tenants, occupancy and property use.
  • Check local licensing and landlord duties with the relevant authority.
  • Review the cash-flow budget again once the survey and quotations arrive.

Bring to the first conversation

  • Property price, expected rent and supporting local evidence
  • Deposit source and cash remaining after purchase
  • Itemised running costs and proposed management
  • Ownership plan and accountant’s tax input

Start with an outline. Send sensitive documents only through the secure route agreed with Jack.

Your questions, answered

Does a positive rental yield mean the property makes money?

No. Gross yield ignores financing, operating costs, tax and some one-off costs. Build the cash-flow budget and test difficult periods as well as your central expectation.

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Should I buy through a limited company?

There is no universal answer. Compare lender availability, finance costs, administration and the tax implications with the relevant advisers before choosing the ownership structure.

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Sources & further reading

Sources checked 12 October 2026. Preparation prompts are editorial checklists; follow the linked original for its scope and updates.

Prepared for Jack Cousins’s website · 12 October 2026. About Jack · How site content is prepared. Lender criteria and individual circumstances determine available options. This guide is not a mortgage offer or personal recommendation.